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Glossary

This listing contains a small selection of the Knowledge Base, with links to introductory documents that define computing terms. You can also search for particular words or phrases throughout the entire Knowledge Base with the full-text search. Help is available on using the glossary.


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.Mac What is .Mac?
2up In Unix, what are the up, 2up, 4up, 8up, and 16up utilities, and how do I use them to manipulate PostScript files?

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A+ certification What is the CompTIA A+ certification?
Abilene What is Abilene?
Active Desktop In Windows, what is Active Desktop?
Active Directory In Windows 2000 and XP, what is Active Directory?
ActiveX What is ActiveX?
ActiveX controls What are ActiveX controls?
Adaptive Technology Centers At IUB and IUPUI, what are the Adaptive Technology Centers (ATCs)?
Adobe Acrobat What are Adobe Acrobat and Adobe Reader?
adware What is spyware or adware, and how can I remove it?
AirPort What are AirPort, AirPort Extreme, and AirPort Express?
AIX What is AIX?
anonymous FTP What is anonymous FTP?
ANSI What is ANSI?
AppleScript In Mac OS and Mac OS X, what is AppleScript, and how do I use it?
AppleTalk What is AppleTalk?
AppleWorks What is AppleWorks, and what does it do?
Aqua For Mac OS X, what is Aqua?
ASCII What is ASCII?
Asynchronous Transfer Mode What is Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)?
AT&T Fellows Program At IU, what was the AT&T Fellows Program?
ATC At IUB and IUPUI, what are the Adaptive Technology Centers (ATCs)?
AutoArchive In Microsoft Outlook, what is AutoArchive, and how do I use it?
awk What is awk, and how do I use it?

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bandwidth In networking, what are bandwidth, latency, and speed?
batch job What is a batch job?
BEST What is QuizSite?
beta What is beta software?
Big Red At IU, what is Big Red?
binary file What is a binary file?
BinHex What is BinHex, and how can I decode a BinHex (.hqx) file?
BIOS What is BIOS?
bit What are bits, bytes, and other units of measure for digital information?
BlackBerry What is a BlackBerry, and how does it work?
BlackBerry Enterprise Server About the IU BlackBerry Enterprise Server (BES), and how to get an account
block What is a block?
blog What is a blog?
Blu-ray What is Blu-ray?
Boolean search Online search basics
Breeze Meeting At IU, what is Breeze Meeting?
browser What is a browser, and what browsers are available?
BSD What is BSD?
byte What are bits, bytes, and other units of measure for digital information?

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cable modem What is a cable modem?
CampusAccess Card At IUB, what is a CampusAccess Card?
Carry-in Consulting At IUB, what is Carry-in Consulting?
CAS At IU, what is CAS?
Center for Teaching and Learning At IUPUI, what is the Center for Teaching and Learning (CTL)?
Central Authentication Service At IU, what is CAS?
certificate authority What is a certificate authority?
chain mail About chain mail
character set What are character sets?
chfn In Unix, what is chfn?
chsh In Unix, what is chsh, and how do I use it to change my shell?
Classroom Technology Services At IU, what is Classroom Technology Services?
clock speed What is a computer's clock speed?
Cmd In Mac OS and Mac OS X, what is the Command key?
CMOS What is CMOS?
CNC At IUPUI, what is the Computer Network Center?
ColorSync What is ColorSync?
COM What are COM, COM+, and DCOM?
COM+ What are COM, COM+, and DCOM?
Command key In Mac OS and Mac OS X, what is the Command key?
Communications Office At IU, what is the Communications Office?
compressed files What are compressed or archived files, and how do I open them?
Computer Network Center At IUPUI, what is the Computer Network Center?
computer virus What are computer viruses, and where can I find more information?
cracker What are hackers and crackers?
cron What are cron and crontab, and how do I use them?
cyberspace What is cyberspace?
Cyrus mail What is Cyrus mail?

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daemon In Unix, what is a daemon?
DBMS/COPY What is DBMS/COPY?
DCOM What are COM, COM+, and DCOM?
DEC OSF/1 What are DEC OSF/1, Digital UNIX, and Tru64 UNIX?
Delphi What is Delphi, and where can I learn more about it?
DHCP What is DHCP?
Digital Unix What are DEC OSF/1, Digital UNIX, and Tru64 UNIX?
Disk Cleanup In Windows 98, Me, 2000, and XP, what is Disk Cleanup?
Disk First Aid In Mac OS and Mac OS X, what is First Aid or Disk First Aid, and when and how should I use it?
disk quota In Unix, what is a disk quota?
distribution lists What is a distribution list?
DNS What is DNS?
domain What is a domain?
DriveSpace What is DriveSpace, and how does it work?
DropStuff What is DropStuff, and where can I get it?
DropTar What is DropStuff, and where can I get it?
DropZip What is DropStuff, and where can I get it?
DVD What is a DVD?
DVI What is a DVI file?
Dvorak keyboard What is the Dvorak keyboard layout, and how do I configure my computer to use it?
dynamic linking What is a linker, and what are dynamic and static linking?

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EdCert program What is EdCert, and where can I find more information about EdCert classes?
EFF What is the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF)?
Emacs byte-compilation In Emacs, what is byte-compilation?
Ethernet What is Ethernet?
Eudora What is Eudora, and where can I get it?
EUE What is the EUE?
Event Viewer In Windows NT, 2000, and XP, what is the Event Viewer?
Exchange account At IU, what are Exchange accounts, and how do I obtain one?
expanded memory On a PC, what is the difference between extended and expanded memory?
extended memory On a PC, what is the difference between extended and expanded memory?
ezreset At IU, what is ezreset, and how can I use it to reset my accounts to their default settings?

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FAQ What do BTW, FAQ, FYI, IMHO, RTFM, and other acronyms mean?
FAT32 What is FAT32?
Fetch For Mac OS and Mac OS X, what is Fetch, and where can I get it?
file extension What is a file extension?
File Transfer Protocol What is FTP, and how do I use it to transfer files?
Financial Information System At IU, what are Financial Management Services (FMS)?
finder In Mac OS and Mac OS X, what is the Finder?
firewall What is a firewall?
Firefox What is Mozilla Firefox, and where can I get it?
FireWire What is FireWire or IEEE 1394?
FIS At IU, what are Financial Management Services (FMS)?
flame What is a flame?
flow control What is flow control, and how do I set my modem to use it?
foo What do foo and bar mean?
forked file structure What is a forked file structure?
Fortran What is Fortran, and where can I learn more about it?
frames On the web, what are frames, and how do I navigate with them?
FreeBSD What is BSD?
freeware What are shareware, freeware, and public domain programs?
FSF What do the acronyms FSF, GPL, LPF, and RMS mean?
FTP What is FTP, and how do I use it to transfer files?
fully qualified domain name What is a fully qualified domain name (FQDN)?

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GAL At IU, what is the Global Address List?
GB What are bits, bytes, and other units of measure for digital information?
GDI heap What are the GDI heap and the USER heap?
GIF What is the GIF graphics file format?
gigabyte What are bits, bytes, and other units of measure for digital information?
GIS What are GIS and remote sensing?
Global Address List At IU, what is the Global Address List?
GNU What is the GNU project?
Gnuplot In Unix, how can I plot a graph?
GPF What is a General Protection Fault?
grep What is grep, and how do I use it?
groff In Unix, what is groff?
group In Unix, what is a group?
Guest account At IU, what is a Guest account?
GUI What is a GUI?

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hacker What are hackers and crackers?
hard link In Unix, what is a hard link?
HFS+ What is the Macintosh Extended Format, and how does it compare to the Macintosh Standard Format?
High Performance Storage System What is HPSS?
hotfix What are patches, hotfixes, and service packs?
HPSS What is HPSS?
HTML What is HTML, and where can I find a guide for creating HTML documents?
HTTP What is HTTP?
hyperlink What are hyperlinks?
HyperStudio What is HyperStudio?

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I-Light What is I-Light?
iBook What is the iBook?
IEC What is the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), and where can I find more information about it?
IEEE What is the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and where can I find information about it?
IEEE 1394 What is FireWire or IEEE 1394?
IMAP What is IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol)?
IMDS At IUPUI, what is IMDS, and how can I view IMDS videos?
IMSL What are IMSL and NAG?
Indiana Genomics Initiative What is the Indiana Genomics Initiative, and how does UITS support it?
Indiana Spatial Data Service How do I use ArcGIS to connect to the Indiana Spatial Data Service?
Information Commons At IUB, what is the Information Commons (IC)?
Interarchy For Mac OS and Mac OS X, what is Interarchy, and where can I find it?
Internet What is the Internet?
Internet Assistant What is Internet Assistant for Microsoft Excel?
Internet Explorer What is Microsoft Internet Explorer, and where can I get it?
Internet2 What is Internet2?
Interrupt Request number On a PC, what is an Interrupt Request number?
IP address What is an IP address?
IRC What is IRC, and where can I get more information about it?
IRQ On a PC, what is an Interrupt Request number?
ISO What is the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and where can I find information about it?
ISO 8859 What are the ISO 8859 character sets and how do they compare?
ISO image What is an ISO image?
ITHelpLive At IU, what is ITHelpLive?
ITNow What is ITNow 2.0, and how do I subscribe to it?
iTunes What is iTunes and what does it do?
IU Broadcast What is broadcast.iu.edu?
IU/Microsoft Campus Agreement About the IU/Microsoft Campus Agreement
IUCAT What is IUCAT and how do I access it?
IUIE About the IUIE
IUware What is IUware?

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JagJobs What is JagJobs?
Jagtag At IUPUI, what is a Jagtag and where do I get one?
JPEG What is the JPEG graphics file format?

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KB What are bits, bytes, and other units of measure for digital information?
Kerberos What is Kerberos?
kernel What are kernels and microkernels?
Keychain In Mac OS X, what is the Keychain, and how do I use it?
kilobyte What are bits, bytes, and other units of measure for digital information?
Kiva Everywhere At IUB, what is Kiva Everywhere?

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LAN What is a LAN (local area network)?
LAN connection What is the difference between a LAN, a MAN, and a WAN, and what is a LAN connection?
legacy system At IU, what is a legacy system?
Lexis-Nexis Academic What is Lexis-Nexis Academic, and how can I access it at IU?
Libra At IU, what is the Libra Cluster?
LINGO What are LINGO and Lingo?
link rot What is link rot, and how can I check for broken links on my site?
linker What is a linker, and what are dynamic and static linking?
Linux About Linux
LISTSERV What is LISTSERV?
local account What is a local account?
local area network What is a LAN (local area network)?
local support provider At IU, what is a local support provider?
lost cluster What is a lost cluster?
lpr In Unix, how do I print files and list or remove print jobs?
LSP At IU, what is a local support provider?
lurker What is a lurker?
Lynx What is Lynx, and how do I use it?

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MAC address What is the MAC address (aka the hardware or physical address) of my network adapter?
Mac OS X What is Mac OS X?
Mac OS X Mail What is Mac OS X Mail?
Mach What is Mach?
Macintosh alias In Mac OS and Mac OS X, what is an alias and how does it work?
macro virus What are computer viruses, and where can I find more information?
MacRoman For Mac OS and Mac OS X, what is the Standard Roman (MacRoman) character set?
mail merge What is a mail merge?
man In Unix, what is the man command, and how do I use it to read manual pages?
Massive Data Storage Service At IU, what is the Massive Data Storage Service (MDSS)?
Master Boot Record What is a Master Boot Record (MBR)?
MB What are bits, bytes, and other units of measure for digital information?
MBR What is a Master Boot Record (MBR)?
MCP What is an MCP?
MDSS At IU, what is the Massive Data Storage Service (MDSS)?
Media Design and Production At IU, what is UITS Media Design and Production?
megabyte What are bits, bytes, and other units of measure for digital information?
memory What is the difference between memory and disk storage?
Mercury At IU, what is Mercury?
metadata What is metadata?
microkernel What are kernels and microkernels?
Microsoft Certified Professional What is an MCP?
Microsoft Management Console What is the Microsoft Management Console?
Microsoft System Diagnostics What is MSD (Microsoft System Diagnostics), and where can I find it?
MIME What are MIME and S/MIME?
MMC What is the Microsoft Management Console?
Moab What is Moab?
mode line In Emacs, what is the mode line, and what information does it contain?
modem What is a modem?
Monitor What are the UITS email newsletters The Monitor and Newsbit, and how do I subscribe or unsubscribe?
monitor gamma What is monitor "gamma"?
Mozilla What is Mozilla?
Mozilla Firefox What is Mozilla Firefox, and where can I get it?
Mozilla Thunderbird What is Mozilla Thunderbird and where can I get it?
mount What is meant by mounting a drive?
MP3 What are MP3 files, and are they legal?
MS-TNEF What is an MS-TNEF email attachment?
MSD What is MSD (Microsoft System Diagnostics), and where can I find it?

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NAG What are IMSL and NAG?
NCFTP What is NCFTP?
NetBSD What is BSD?
netpbm utilities In Unix, what are the netpbm utilities and how do I use them to convert one type of image file to another?
Netscape What is Netscape, and where can I get it?
Network ID What is an IU Network ID?
network latency In networking, what are bandwidth, latency, and speed?
network operating system What is a network operating system (NOS)?
Network+ certification What is the CompTIA Network+ certification?
newbie What is a newbie?
newsgroups About Usenet newsgroups
NFS What is NFS?
Norton AntiVirus What is Symantec/Norton AntiVirus software, and where can I get it?
NOS What is a network operating system (NOS)?
NTFS What is NTFS?

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OCLC What is OCLC?
octet-stream What is an "application/octet-stream" MIME attachment, and how can I see it?
OLE What is OLE?
Oncourse CL What is Oncourse CL?
OneStart At IU, what is OneStart?
OOB bug What is the OOB bug, and how do I fix it?
Open Group What are the Open Group, X/Open, and OSF?
Open Software Foundation What are the Open Group, X/Open, and OSF?
open source What is open source, and what is the Open Source Initiative?
OpenAFS What is OpenAFS?
OpenBSD What is BSD?
Openoffice.org What are StarOffice and OpenOffice.org, and how can I get these products at IU?
OSF What are the Open Group, X/Open, and OSF?
OSF/1 What is OSF/1?
Outlook What is Microsoft Outlook?
Outlook Web Access What is Outlook Web Access (OWA)?

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packet What is a packet?
PAM In Unix, what is PAM?
Parameter RAM In Mac OS and Mac OS X, what is the PRAM, and why would I want to zap it?
passphrase Passwords and passphrases
patch What are patches, hotfixes, and service packs?
PB What are bits, bytes, and other units of measure for digital information?
PDF What is a PDF file?
Perl What is Perl, and where can I get more information about it?
petabyte What are bits, bytes, and other units of measure for digital information?
PGP What is PGP, and how secure is it?
phishing What are phishing scams and how can I avoid them?
PHP What is PHP?
Pico What is Pico?
Pine What is Pine?
plug-ins What are plug-ins?
PNG What is the PNG graphics file format?
podcast What is podcasting?
podcatcher What is a podcatcher?
POP mail What is POP mail?
Portable Document Format What is a PDF file?
Post'Em What is Post'Em?
PostScript What is PostScript?
PPP What is PPP, and why would I want it?
PRAM In Mac OS and Mac OS X, what is the PRAM, and why would I want to zap it?
pre-shared key What is a pre-shared key or shared secret?
printing account Information about the UITS printing account at IUB
printing allotment About STC printing allotments at IUB
PSUtils What are the PSUtils?
public domain What are shareware, freeware, and public domain programs?
Python What is Python?

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Quarry At IU, what is Quarry?
Quartz For Mac OS X, what are Quartz and Quartz Extreme?
QuickTime What is QuickTime?
QuikPAY At IU, what is QuikPAY, and how can I access it?
QuizSite What is QuizSite?
quoted-printable encoding In MIME, what is the quoted-printable encoding method?

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RAM What is RAM?
rcp In Unix, what is rcp, and how do I use it?
RDC At IU, what is the Research Database Complex?
registry In Windows, what is the registry?
relational database What are flat file and relational databases?
Research Database Complex At IU, what is the Research Database Complex?
Research Technologies At IU, what is the Research Technologies division of UITS?
Residential Technology Center At IU, what are the RTCs?
RFS At IU, what is the Research File System (RFS)?
RJ-11 What is RJ-11?
ROM What is ROM?
ROT13 What is ROT13?
RSS What is RSS?
RTC At IU, what are the RTCs?
RTF What is Rich Text Format?
RTFM What do BTW, FAQ, FYI, IMHO, RTFM, and other acronyms mean?

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Safari What is Safari?
SafeWord card At IU, what is a SafeWord card and how do I get one?
ScanDisk What is ScanDisk?
scp In Unix, how do I use the scp command to securely transfer files between two computers?
screen In Unix, what is screen, and how do I use it?
SDSL What is SDSL?
secure FTP What is SFTP, and how do I use it?
service pack What are patches, hotfixes, and service packs?
SFTP What is SFTP, and how do I use it?
SGML What is SGML?
shadow password What are shadow passwords?
shared secret What is a pre-shared key or shared secret?
shareware What are shareware, freeware, and public domain programs?
shell In Unix, what is the shell?
Sherlock For Mac OS and Mac OS X, what is Sherlock and how do I use it?
shortcut In Windows, what is a shortcut, and how do I create one?
signature In email, what is a signature?
Slashtmp At IU, what is Slashtmp and how do I use it?
SMTP What is the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)?
SMTP server What is an SMTP server?
snail mail What is snail mail?
Software Development and Distribution At IU, what is UITS Software Development and Distribution?
Solaris What are SunOS and Solaris?
spam What is spam?
Spike In Microsoft Word, what is the Spike, and how do I use it?
spinweb What is spinweb?
spring-loaded folders In Mac OS and Mac OS X, what are spring-loaded folders?
spyware What is spyware or adware, and how can I remove it?
SQL What is SQL?
SSH What are SSH and SSH2?
SSL What are secure web sites and SSL certificates?
StarOffice What are StarOffice and OpenOffice.org, and how can I get these products at IU?
Start menu In Windows, what is the Start menu?
Starter Kit At IU, what is the AMS Starter Kit?
Stata What is Stata?
static linking What is a linker, and what are dynamic and static linking?
STEPS Information about STEPS workshops
StickyKeys In Windows, what are StickyKeys, and how do I enable them?
Student Technology Centers At IU, what are the STCs?
Student Technology Fee At IUB, what is the Student Technology Fee used for?
StuffIt What is StuffIt, and how do I decode Stuffed archives?
StuffIt Engine For Mac OS and Mac OS X, what is the StuffIt Engine (aka Expander Enhancer), and why do I need it?
StuffIt Expander What is StuffIt Expander, and where can I get it?
style sheet What is CSS?
SunOS What are SunOS and Solaris?
Super VGA What is Super VGA?
SVR4 What are System V Unix and SVR4?
swap file What is a swap file?
Symantec AntiVirus What is Symantec/Norton AntiVirus software, and where can I get it?
system tray In Windows, what is the system tray?
System V What are System V Unix and SVR4?

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tar In Unix, what is tar, and how do I use it?
Taskbar In Windows, what is the Taskbar?
TB What are bits, bytes, and other units of measure for digital information?
TCP/IP What does TCP/IP mean?
tcp_wrappers What is tcp_wrappers, and why should I use it?
telnet What is telnet?
terabyte What are bits, bytes, and other units of measure for digital information?
teraflop What is a teraflop?
TeraGrid What is the TeraGrid, and how can I get started using it?
terminal type What is a terminal type or terminal emulation, and how do I set it?
TeX What is TeX?
Thunderbird What is Mozilla Thunderbird and where can I get it?
TIFF What is the TIFF graphics file format?
TIME At IU, what is the TIME system and how can I get help with it?
TimeKeeping system At IU, what is the TIME system and how can I get help with it?
toolbar What is a toolbar?
TORQUE What is TORQUE?
Transform What is Transform?
Transmit For Mac OS and Mac OS X, what is Transmit and where can I get it?
TransPAC2 What is TransPAC2?
Trojan horse What are computer viruses, and where can I find more information?
troll What is a troll?
TSP What is TSP, and how do I access it from UITS computers?
TSR What is Terminate and Stay Resident?

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UIPO At IU, what is the University Information Policy Office (UIPO)?
UISO At IU, what is the University Information Security Office (UISO)?
UITS What is UITS?
UITS Monitor What are the UITS email newsletters The Monitor and Newsbit, and how do I subscribe or unsubscribe?
UMS What is Unified Messaging Service (UMS)?
UNC What is UNC?
Unicode What is Unicode?
Unified Messaging Service What is Unified Messaging Service (UMS)?
Universal Serial Bus What is Universal Ser